This study examined the relationships between prenatal alcohol exposure (PAE) and achievement in reading, writing, spelling and numeracy in children aged 8 to 9 years. Results showed children were twice as likely not to achieve the benchmark for reading after heavy prenatal alcohol exposure during the first trimester and for writing when exposed to occasional binge drinking in late pregnancy. The article concluded that the type of learning problems depend on the dose, pattern, and timing of prenatal alcohol exposure.
Authors: Colleen M. O’Leary, Cate Taylor, Stephen R. Zubrick, Jennifer J. Kurinczuk, Carol Bower
Date: April 2013