1-10 of 52 results
This report summarises the prevalence, social and economical impacts, management and prevention of FASD. It also reports on alcohol consumption and policy context within the Northern Territory.
- Date:
- February 2015
- Authors:
- Legislative assembly of the Northern Territory - Select Committee on Action to Prevent FASD
FASD is a high prevalence but underdiagnosed group of disorders affecting between 17 and 36% of individuals in criminal justice settings. Little research has been completed on how to best support individuals with these conditions in criminal justice settings. This article proposes a renewed focus on applying and adapting the Risk-Need-Responsivity (RNR) approach to individuals with FASD in criminal justice settings. This will assist in better determining the needs and interventions likely to effect change and reduce recidivism for this prominent criminal justice-based population. The RNR approach has been used with multiple corrections populations to determine the need and most appropriate interventions, as well as how to best allocate scarce resources. As the prevalence of FASD becomes better understood and recognized, evidence-based approaches to addressing this specific sub-population are necessary to effect change and reduce recidivism and ongoing involvement in the criminal justice system.
- Date:
- January 2023
- Journal name:
- Frontiers in Pyschology
- Authors:
- Jerrod Brown, Joe Arvidson, Megan N Carter, Vanessa Spiller.
Individuals with fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD) are over-represented within the justice system and have significant employment challenges. This scoping review aims to ascertain available employment resources for FASD individuals particularly those involved in the justice system. Secondary aims of this study were to determine available evidence-based interventions for the justice workforce and employment providers.
- Date:
- February 2023
- Journal name:
- BMJ Open
- Authors:
- Marie M A Nankoo, Kirsten R Panton, James P Fitzpatrick, Carmela F Pestell.
This study aims to improve understanding of criminogenic risk factors, particularly the role of informant-rated executive functioning in the age of offending onset among young people. the study reviewed 100 file records to gather information on criminogenic factors (out-of-home care, adverse childhood experiences, school disengagement, negative peer association, age of substance use onset), and found only age of substance use onset to be a significant predictor of age of offending onset.
- Date:
- November 2022
- Journal name:
- Forensic Science International: Mind and Law
- Authors:
- Grace Kuen YeeTan, Martyn Symons, Donna Crossc, James Fitzpatrick, Isabelle Adams, Carmela F.Pestell.
This book chapter gives an overview of the past two decades of Australian FASD research, from fiction to fact to challenges of the future.
- Date:
- September 2022
- Book name:
- Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder
- Chapter title:
- Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder in Australia: From Fiction to Fact and to the Future
- Authors:
- Elizabeth Elliott, Carol Bower
People with FAS are at risk of having adverse childhood experiences, especially those with child protection and/or justice system involvement. The complex relationship between FASD and psychosocial vulnerabilities in the affected individual is an important clinical risk factor for comorbidity. This study explored the ACEs and associated stressors in individuals with FASD, investigated the association between ACEs and negative outcomes, and examined the relationship between ACEs and comorbid conditions such as mood and neurodevelopmental disorders.
- Date:
- October 2022
- Journal name:
- BMC Pediatrics
- Authors:
- Grace Kuen Yee Tan, Martyn Symons, James Fitzpatrick, Sophia G Connor, Donna Cross, Carmela F Pestell.
This comprehensive clinical paediatric assessment examines 103 young people sentenced to detention in Western Australia (WA) and participating in the first Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder (FASD) prevalence study. The findings of multiple and serious impairments and health issues, through completion of comprehensive clinical paediatric and multidisciplinary health and neuro-developmental assessments for this study, support their routine provision to all young people on entry to systems of juvenile justice.
- Date:
- July 2022
- Journal name:
- Journal of Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder
- Authors:
- Raewyn Mutch, Jacinta Freeman, Natalie Kippin, Bernadette Safe, Carmela Pestell, Hayley Passmore, Sharynne Hamilton, Helen shield, Emma Argiro, Candace Rainsford, Carmen Condon, Roslyn Giglia, Rochelle Watkins, Rhonda Marriot, Carol Bower
Neurodevelopmental impairments resulting from FASD can increase the likelihood of justice system involvement. This study compared offence characteristics in young people with FASD to demographically matched controls in Western Australia, uncovering relationships between personal attributes and offence characteristics. After controlling for demographic factors, regression analyses showed FASD participants were more likely than controls to be charged with reckless driving, breach of bail/community orders, property damage, and disorderly behaviour. These findings suggest justice-involved individuals with FASD have unique offending profiles, having implications for sentencing, diversionary/crime prevention programs and interventions.
- Date:
- June 2022
- Journal name:
- Psychiatry, Psychology and Law
- Authors:
- Grace Kuen Yee Tan, Carmella F. Pestell, James Fitzpatrick, Donna Cross, Isabelle Adams, Martyn Symons
Impairments caused by pre-natal alcohol exposure contribute to the over-representation of individuals with FASD in the United States juvenile and adult criminal justice systems. These same impairments can equally impact on individuals with FASD who are witnesses to or victims of crime who also have to navigate the complexities of the criminal justice system. Individuals with FASD are particularity at risk of confabulation when they are subjected to tactics, such as stressful and anxiety-provoking situations, threats, and leading, suggestive, or coercive questioning. This article serves as a beginner's guide for professionals working in criminal justice settings by (a) providing research-based overviews of FASD and confabulation, (b) describing how FASD may lead to confabulation, and (c) suggesting ways that professionals can modify protocols when interacting with individuals with FASD.
- Date:
- January 2022
- Journal name:
- Behavioral Science and the Law
- Authors:
- Jerrod Brown Alec Jonason , Erik Asp, Valerie McGinn, Megan N Carter, Vanessa Spiller, Amy Jozan.
For individuals with FASD, brain-based deficits translate into impulsive behaviors and poorly thought-out decision-making, coupled with an inability to anticipate and recognize the sometimes very severe consequences of their behaviors. Not unexpectedly, individuals with FASD frequently find themselves disproportionately involved in the criminal justice system and mental health services. For some individuals with FASD, these behaviors can also include firesetting. First responders, like other health and legal professionals, are often unable to recognize the behavioral indicators of FASD, primarily due to a lack of training. This article will outline key behavioral symptoms of FASD as well as provide first responders with suggestions as to how to best support individuals when FASD is suspected. The brief quote that follows highlights some of the key challenges facing individuals with FASD and how poor decision-making and impulsiveness can result in severe consequences for the individual and those around them.
- Date:
- December 2021
- Journal name:
- Behavioral Sciences and the Law
- Authors:
- Jerrod Brown, Vanessa Spiller, Megan Carter, Kathi Osmonson, Don Porth, Deanna Bishop-Deaton, Amy Jozan