41-50 of 395 results
There have been significant advances in assessment processes and diagnostic criteria since the effects of prenatal alcohol exposure were first described in the medical literature. However, a key issue that continues to plague the FASD field is a lack of agreement regarding terminology, and criteria for describing and diagnosing FASD. A significant opportunity exists for the FASD field to work together and utilise the best available evidence to advance an empirically based approach to FASD diagnosis.
- Date:
- February 2023
- Journal name:
- Alcohol: Clinical and Experimental Research
- Authors:
- Natasha Reid
Consequences for children born with birth defects and developmental disabilities encompassed by FASD are profound, affecting all areas of social, behavioural and cognitive functioning. Given the strong evidence for a core deficit in executive functioning, underpinned by impaired self-regulation skills, there has been a growing focus on the development of interventions that enhance or support the development of executive functions. This review aims to synthesise the evidence for structured psychological interventions that explicitly aim to improve executive function in children. The review also sought to ascertain if the effectiveness of interventions were influenced by characteristics of the intervention, participants or type of executive function targeted by the intervention.
- Date:
- November 2022
- Journal name:
- Campbell Systematic Reviews
- Authors:
- Joseph Lee Betts, Elizabeth Eggins, Ned Chandler-Mather, Doug Shelton, Haydn Till, Paul Harnett, Sharon Dawe.
FASD is a high prevalence but underdiagnosed group of disorders affecting between 17 and 36% of individuals in criminal justice settings. Little research has been completed on how to best support individuals with these conditions in criminal justice settings. This article proposes a renewed focus on applying and adapting the Risk-Need-Responsivity (RNR) approach to individuals with FASD in criminal justice settings. This will assist in better determining the needs and interventions likely to effect change and reduce recidivism for this prominent criminal justice-based population. The RNR approach has been used with multiple corrections populations to determine the need and most appropriate interventions, as well as how to best allocate scarce resources. As the prevalence of FASD becomes better understood and recognized, evidence-based approaches to addressing this specific sub-population are necessary to effect change and reduce recidivism and ongoing involvement in the criminal justice system.
- Date:
- January 2023
- Journal name:
- Frontiers in Pyschology
- Authors:
- Jerrod Brown, Joe Arvidson, Megan N Carter, Vanessa Spiller.
Individuals with fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD) are over-represented within the justice system and have significant employment challenges. This scoping review aims to ascertain available employment resources for FASD individuals particularly those involved in the justice system. Secondary aims of this study were to determine available evidence-based interventions for the justice workforce and employment providers.
- Date:
- February 2023
- Journal name:
- BMJ Open
- Authors:
- Marie M A Nankoo, Kirsten R Panton, James P Fitzpatrick, Carmela F Pestell.
Early diagnosis of children with fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD) assists in implementing critical early support. The challenge lies in having a diagnostic process that enables valid and reliable assessment of domains of functioning in young children, with the added complexity that many children will also have co-occurring exposure to childhood adversity that is likely to impact these domains. This study examines diagnostic assessment of FASD in young children using the Australian Guide to the Diagnosis of FASD. Ninety-four children (aged 3 to 7 years) with confirmed or suspected prenatal alcohol exposure were referred to two specialist FASD clinics for assessment in Queensland, Australia.
- Date:
- February 2023
- Journal name:
- Alcoholism, clinical and experimental research
- Authors:
- Sharon Dawe, Elizabeth Eggins, Joseph Betts, Heidi Webster, Tania Pomario, Jessica Doak, Ned Chandler-Mather, Denise Hatzis, Haydn Till, Paul Harnett, Andrew Wood, Doug Shelton.
This review paper gives a comprehensive overview of FASD research globally. This paper includes a review of: international prevalence of FASD and FASD; the mechanisms and pathophysiology of prenatal alcohol exposure; diagnosis, screening and prevention; management; quality of life; and outlook.
- Date:
- February 2023
- Journal name:
- Nature Reviews Disease Primer
- Authors:
- Svetlana Popova, Michael E. Charness, Larry Burd, Andi Crawford, H. Eugene Hoyme, Raja Mukherjee, Edward Riley, Elizabeth Elliott.
This study captures an international perspective on current FASD diagnostic criteria, as well as potential barriers and facilitators towards a globally unified approach to FASD diagnosis. A lack of collaboration was identified as a key barrier, while strong leadership in guideline creation and implementation emerged as a central facilitator. These barriers and facilitators can be used to guide future collaborative efforts towards implementing consistent diagnostic criteria.
- Date:
- November 2022
- Journal name:
- International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
- Authors:
- Natasha Reid, Dianne C Shanley, Jayden Logan, Codi White, Wei Liu , Erinn Hawkins.
This study explored whether exposure to either an ‘ambiguous consumption’ prototype (no amount of alcohol specified) or a ‘small consumption’ prototype (‘small’ amount of alcohol specified) had an impact on prototype perceptions of, and willingness to use, small amounts of alcohol during pregnancy.
- Date:
- November 2022
- Journal name:
- Health Psychology and Behavioral Medicine
- Authors:
- Tess Fletcher, Barbara Mullan, Amy Finlay-Jones.
This study aims to improve understanding of criminogenic risk factors, particularly the role of informant-rated executive functioning in the age of offending onset among young people. the study reviewed 100 file records to gather information on criminogenic factors (out-of-home care, adverse childhood experiences, school disengagement, negative peer association, age of substance use onset), and found only age of substance use onset to be a significant predictor of age of offending onset.
- Date:
- November 2022
- Journal name:
- Forensic Science International: Mind and Law
- Authors:
- Grace Kuen YeeTan, Martyn Symons, Donna Crossc, James Fitzpatrick, Isabelle Adams, Carmela F.Pestell.
This study investigates where pregnant women obtain information about alcohol use in pregnancy and the relationship between the information source used and women's demographic characteristics and alcohol use.
- Date:
- July 2022
- Journal name:
- Drug and Alcohol Review
- Authors:
- Tracey W. Tsang, Melanie Kingsland, Emma Doherty, Amy E. Anderson, Belinda Tully, Sarah Ward, John Wiggers, Elizabeth E. Elliott.