71-80 of 396 results
The Australian Child Rights Taskforce considers the mistreatment and over-representation of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander children in youth detention to be a national crisis that requires urgent action. In 2020, the unequal positioning of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander children in Australia was shown by an incarceration rate that was 17 times higher than the incarceration rates of Australian youth of all other ethnicities combined. Although Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander children represent only 6% of the Australian population aged 10–17 years, each day, on average they comprised 48% of those in youth detention. From age 10 years, the most vulnerable and marginalised young people in Australia, many with complex physical and mental health needs, disability needs, and social needs, are criminalised, punished, and removed from their family and community during crucial stages of their development.
- Date:
- June 2022
- Journal name:
- Child and Adolescent Health
- Authors:
- Lorelle Holland Andrew Smirnov Amy Hickman Maree Toombs Natasha Reid
Substance use during pregnancy is a major health issue for both the mother and the fetus, but it also represents an important public health concern.: The aim of this review was to summarize and compare recommendations from recently published guidelines on substance use during pregnancy and especially regarding alcohol, smoking, and drug use.
- Date:
- October 2021
- Journal name:
- Obstetrical & gynecological survey
- Authors:
- Ioannis Tsakiridis, Artemis Christina Oikonomidou, Dimitra Rafailia Bakaloudi, Themistoklis Dagklis, Georgios Papazisis, Michail Chourdakis
This paper explores the lived experiences of adolescents with fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD) to understand: the ways in which their challenges influence daily functioning; and the personal assets and external resources that facilitate participation. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with four adolescents with FASD aged 13 to 15 years. Findings illustrated the barriers adolescents experienced regarding their daily functioning and independence. Additionally, incorporating strengths into daily activities appeared to reduce anxiety and improve participation, and adolescents desired for their unique characteristics to be recognized and appreciated.
- Date:
- May 2022
- Journal name:
- Developmental Medicine and Child Neurology
- Authors:
- Kelly Skorka, Jodie Copley, Catherine McBryde, Pamela J. Meredith, Natasha Reid.
Since the 2016 release of the Australian Guide to the Diagnosis of Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder (FASD), considerable progress has been made in the identification and diagnosis of the disorder. As part of a larger process to review and update the Guide, this study aims to identify review priorities from a broad range of stakeholders involved in the assessment and diagnosis of FASD. Sixty-two stakeholders, including healthcare practitioners, researchers, other specialists, individuals with cultural expertise, lived experience and consumer representatives completed an online survey asking them to describe up to five priorities for the review of the Australian Guide to the Diagnosis of FASD.
- Date:
- May 2022
- Journal name:
- International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
- Authors:
- Nicole Hayes, Lisa K. Akison, Sarah Goldsbury, Nicole Hewlett, Elizabeth J. Elliott, Amy Finlay-Jones, Dianne C. Shanley ,Kerryn Bagley, Andi Crawford, Haydn Till, Alison Crichton ,Rowena Friend ,Karen M. Moritz ,Raewyn Mutch, Sophie Harrington ,Andrew Webster, Natasha Reid
Clinical guideline recommendations for addressing alcohol consumption during pregnancy are sub-optimally implemented and limited evidence exists to inform practice improvements. This study aims to estimate the effectiveness of a practice change intervention in improving the provision of antenatal care addressing alcohol consumption during pregnancy in public maternity services. A randomised stepped-wedge controlled trial was undertaken with all public maternity services in three sectors (one urban, two regional/rural) of a single local health district in New South Wales, Australia. Five thousand six hundred ninety-four interviews/online questionnaires were completed by pregnant women.
- Date:
- March 2022
- Journal name:
- MC pregnancy and childbirth
- Authors:
- Emma Doherty, Melanie Kingsland, Elizabeth J Elliott, Belinda Tully, Luke Wolfenden, Adrian Dunlop, Ian Symonds, John Attia, Sarah Ward, Mandy Hunter, Carol Azzopardi, Chris Rissel, Karen Gillham, Tracey W Tsang, Penny Reeves, John Wiggers.
Influencing and implementing mandatory alcohol pregnancy warning labels in Australia and New Zealand
Alcohol labelling laws and policy are contentious and highly politicized. Very few countries have been able to implement health warnings on alcohol labels due to complex legal and governance systems and coordinated industry lobbying. In 2020, Australia and New Zealand implemented a mandatory and evidence-based legal standard for pregnancy warning labels on alcohol products. This article discusses some of the challenges faced in achieving policy change and how these barriers were overcome by public health advocacy groups to build the evidence, counter industry conflicts of interest, consumer test health messages, mobilize community support and gather political support.
- Date:
- April 2022
- Journal name:
- Health Promotion International
- Authors:
- Maddie Heenan, Janani Shanthosh, Katherine Cullerton, Stephen Jan.
This study evaluates the impact of fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD) on child and family functioning. Caregivers of 35 children with FASD were surveyed. The study looks at Child-health-related functioning, family impact, impact on siblings and caregiver stress.
- Date:
- March 2022
- Journal name:
- Archives of disease in childhood
- Authors:
- Natalie Lynette Phillips, Marcel David Zimmet, Amy Phu, Meenakshi Rattan, Yvonne Zurynski, Elizabeth J Elliott.
The Lililwan Project was the first Australian population-based prevalence study of fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD) using active case ascertainment. Conducted in 2010-2011, the study included 95% of all eligible children aged 7-9 years living in the very remote Aboriginal communities of the Fitzroy Valley, Western Australia. The Bigiswun Kid Project follows up the Lililwan cohort in 2020-2022 at age 17-19 years. The aims of this project are to identify adolescents' needs and build knowledge to inform services to improve the health and well-being of adolescents in remote Aboriginal communities.
- Date:
- March 2022
- Journal name:
- BMJ Open
- Authors:
- Lauren J Rice, Tracey W Tsang , Emily Carter, Marmingee Hand, Jadnah Davies , Sue Thomas, Eric Bedford, Emma Bear, Cheyenne Carter, Lisa Cannon, Elizabeth J Elliott
Impairments caused by pre-natal alcohol exposure contribute to the over-representation of individuals with FASD in the United States juvenile and adult criminal justice systems. These same impairments can equally impact on individuals with FASD who are witnesses to or victims of crime who also have to navigate the complexities of the criminal justice system. Individuals with FASD are particularity at risk of confabulation when they are subjected to tactics, such as stressful and anxiety-provoking situations, threats, and leading, suggestive, or coercive questioning. This article serves as a beginner's guide for professionals working in criminal justice settings by (a) providing research-based overviews of FASD and confabulation, (b) describing how FASD may lead to confabulation, and (c) suggesting ways that professionals can modify protocols when interacting with individuals with FASD.
- Date:
- January 2022
- Journal name:
- Behavioral Science and the Law
- Authors:
- Jerrod Brown Alec Jonason , Erik Asp, Valerie McGinn, Megan N Carter, Vanessa Spiller, Amy Jozan.
For individuals with FASD, brain-based deficits translate into impulsive behaviors and poorly thought-out decision-making, coupled with an inability to anticipate and recognize the sometimes very severe consequences of their behaviors. Not unexpectedly, individuals with FASD frequently find themselves disproportionately involved in the criminal justice system and mental health services. For some individuals with FASD, these behaviors can also include firesetting. First responders, like other health and legal professionals, are often unable to recognize the behavioral indicators of FASD, primarily due to a lack of training. This article will outline key behavioral symptoms of FASD as well as provide first responders with suggestions as to how to best support individuals when FASD is suspected. The brief quote that follows highlights some of the key challenges facing individuals with FASD and how poor decision-making and impulsiveness can result in severe consequences for the individual and those around them.
- Date:
- December 2021
- Journal name:
- Behavioral Sciences and the Law
- Authors:
- Jerrod Brown, Vanessa Spiller, Megan Carter, Kathi Osmonson, Don Porth, Deanna Bishop-Deaton, Amy Jozan